Vehicle-spring



A. HALLNERF VEHICLE SPRING. APPLICATION FILED APR. 7. I9I9.

1,344,204. Patented June 22, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

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VEHICLE SPRING. APPLICATION FILED APR. 7. 1919.

1,344,204. P en ed June22, 1920. I 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2. T 5- IIIII [5 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' VEHICLE-SPRING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 22,1920.

Application filed April 7, 1919. Serial No. 288,109.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, ANDREW HALLNER, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at l-rrboga, in the county of Yuba and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vehicle- Springs; and I do declare the following to be a. full, clear, and exact description of the invention, suchas willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the levers against spring tension and to thereby prevent the transfer of side shocks from the vehicle running gear to the body thereof.

\Vith the foregoing in view, the invention resides in the novel features of construction and unique combinations of parts hereinafter fully described and claimed, the descriptive matter being supplemented by the accompanying drawings. I

Figure 1. is a side elevation of one form of spring device constructed in accordance with Hie present invention.

Fig. 2 is imlicatcd by the line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

F i g. 3 is a disassembled view of the several levers employed in the spring device of Figs. 1 and 2. 1 i

Fig. 4 is aside elevation of form of spring device.

I Fig. 5 is an upper ed ge view of the device shown in Fig. 4. I I

Fig. 6 is a disassembled perspective view a different ofthe four levers employed 'inthe device shown in Figs. .4 and 5.

Figs. 7 and S are perspective views of still further forms of the invention.

In the form of the invention shown on Sheet 1 of the drawings the numerals 1 and 1 la p each other.

2 designate a plurality of levers which over All of the levers 2 diverge upwardly from a common fulcrum point 3,

along the same.

horizontal section on the plane while the levers 1 similarly diverge downwardly from said point. At least four levers are required, two diverging upwardly and two diverging downwardly from the point 3, but in the present application I have illustrated eight levers. All of the levers 1 and 2 are of the same construction, the inner overlapping ends of said levers being preterably of disk-shape as seen at 4 and provided with openings 5 above and below their centers, the ends of said openings forming abutments 6 preferably shaped in the manner. shown. The several disks 4 are tied together by a central rivet or the like passing loosely through slots 7 therein, but this rivet is in no sense a positive fulcrum for the levers and may well be eliminated if other means are provided for preventing lateral separation of said levers. Coiled springs 8 in the openings 5 and bearing against the opposed abutments 6, control the relative movement of the levers and the location of these springs is such "that no positive fulcrum is necessary.

'When the ends of the levers are attached, for instance to brackets 9 on a vehicle running gear and to a bolster or the like 10 on the vehicle body '11, all shocks will be absorbed, both vertical and horizontal. When the running gear and the vehicle body move toward or away from each other, the levers will swing around the fulcrum point 3 against the tension of the springs 8 andat the same time will relatively slide to a. slight extent against the tension of said springs. Also. when side thrusts are exerted on the running gear by travel. of the vehicle over a rough roadway, the lower levers 1 do not directly impart their endwise thrust to the upper levers 2. but the shockis absorbed by the springs 8. it thus being seen that side thrusts of the running gear will not be directly imparted to the vehicle body, thus making: riding exceptionally comfortable. 2

In Figs. 4, 5 and 6, a diflerent form of construction is shown. In this type of spring device. two inner levers 1 are interposed between two outer levers. 2", said levers l being by preference spaced apart by a suitably shaped plate 12. .All of the levers 1 and 2 include a body which the ends of the levers extend oppoa horizontal direction'from substantially the center of the portion 13 from body l3, while the other end 15 extends from the upper edge of said body and curves downwardly. The several levers 1 and 2 are tied together by a bolt or the like 3 located at a common fulcrum point about which the two levers move, but here again, as in the form of the device above described, the bolt 3 is merely a tie to hold the several levers together and is not a positive fulcrum, the relative movement of controlled entirely by the coiled springs 8" bearing against abutments 6* formed either by notching the lovers as seen at 5 in Fig. 6, or by forming openings 5" therethrough. In the present application, I have shown both ways of forming the abutments, but either one or the other may be employed. The levers fl and 2 may all be provided with slots to receive the bolt 3 but it is sufficient if'slots be formed only in one set of levers as shown at 7 while ordinary bolt holes such as 7 are formed in the others.

In the form of the device just described, any pivotal movement of the levers around their common fulcrum point will act equally against both springs 8 and any endwise sliding of said levers will be cushioned by these springs.

Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate lovers 1 and 2 crossing each other between their ends and provided with openings 5 whose end walls form abutments 6 The openings 5 receive coiled springs 8 for cushioning all movement of the levers as they slide with respect to each other or pivot about the common fulcrum point indicated at 3. In this form of the invention, the connections which may be used for connecting the ends of the levers to the running gear and body, may be relied upon to tie said levers together and. for this reason I have shown no tie or bolt or the like; and it will be understood that the ties 3 and 3 above described might well be eliminated if other adequate means are employed. to prevent excessive spreading of the several levers at their overlapped portions.

It will be observed that Fig. 7 discloses four of the springs 8 and a proportionately increased number of abutments 6, whereas Fig. 8 illustrates only two springs as in the forms of the device previously described; and it may be explained that any number of springs may be used in any of the several forms of the device, but at least two are necessary, disposed on opposite sides of the common fulcrum point of the levers. Otherwise, a positive fulcrum is necessary and the present invention is intended to render the use of such a fulcrum unecessary, this being of great advantage since the continual rocking of the levers upon a positive fulcrum, causes excessive wear of both levers and fulcrum. Such wear, however, is of the levers being course eliminated when no positive fulcrum is used.

All forms of the invention are comparatively simple and inexpensive, yet will be highly eflicient and in every way desirable, serving not only to absorb the usual shocks, but the recoil. Since probably the best results may be obtained from the detail disclosed they may well be followed, but within the scope of the invention as claimed numerous minor changes may well be made.

I claim:

l. A spring device of the class described comprising overlappedv levers extending oppositely and slidable longitudinally with respect to each other, said levers also having relative pivotal movement around a common fulcrum point, and at least two coiled springs at opposite sides of said fulcrum point for controlling the sliding and pivotal movement of the levers, said levers having pairs of opposed abutments contacting with the ends of said springs.

2. A spring device of the class described comprising at least four overlapped levers, two diverging upwardly and the other two diverging downwardly from a common fulcrum point around which they are pivotally movable, and spring means for controlling the movement of said levers.

3. A spring device of the class described comprising at least four overlapped levers, two diverging upwardly and the othertwo diverging downwardly from a common fulcrum point around which they are pivotally movable, said levers being longitudinally slidable with respect to each other, and spring means for controlling both the pivotal and sliding movement of said levers.

4. A spring device of the class described comprising at least four overlapped levers, two diverging upwardly and the other two diverging downwardly from a common fulcrum point around which they are movable, and at least two coiled springs disposed-at opposite sides of said fulcrum point to control the movement of the lovers, said levers having opposed abutments contacting with the ends of said springs.

5. A spring device of the class described comprising at least four overlapped levers slidable relatively, two of said levers diverging upwardly and the other two diverging downwardly from a common fulcrum point around which said levers are movable,and at least two coiled springs disposed at opposite sides of said fulcrum point for controlling the pivotal and sliding movement of the levers, said levers having spaced abutments contacting with the ends of said springs- I y In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand. ANDREV HALLNER 

